RSDL REDUCED TOXIC EFFECTS OF A NERVE AGENT, ESPECIALLY WITHIN FIRST HOUR AFTER EXPOSURE
Whether initiated early or delayed, RSDL decontamination significantly reduced V-series nerve agent (VX) penetration of human skin1,*

| VX exposure time before decontamination (min) | 20% VX | 75% VX | 90% VX |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | 114† | 45† | 33‡ |
| 10 | 28† | 32† | 19‡ |
| 30 | 13† | 6† | 2§ |
| 60 | 4† | 4† | 7‡ |
| 120 | 1‡ | 3† | 1‡ |
Decontamination factor axis ticks: 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120.
Chart callout: The earlier RSDL was administered to decontaminate VX, the more effective it was
Decontamination factor is the ratio of the mean cumulative amount of VX in untreated skin to the mean cumulative amount in RSDL-treated skin at the given time point.¹
- Early decontamination of VX with RSDL was very effective*
- Delayed decontamination was less effective but still significantly reduced the amount of penetrated agent*
*Early decontamination was measured as 5–10 minutes after exposure; delayed decontamination was between 30 and 60 minutes post-exposure.1
†P<0.001, ‡P<0.01, §P<0.05 for the comparison of the cumulative amount of VX in RSDL-treated skin at the given time point with the cumulative amount of VX in untreated skin.1
RSDL DEMONSTRATED PROTECTION AGAINST NERVE AGENTS IN ANIMAL STUDIES
Using the protective ratio parameter, RSDL was shown to be the most effective decontaminant against nerve agents when compared with water, bleach, and dry sorbents2,3,‖,¶

| Nerve agent | M291 SDK | 0.5% bleach solution | 1% soapy water | RSDL |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Soman (GD) | 2.7** | 2.6** | 2.2** | 14** |
| V-series nerve agent (VX) | 1.8** | 17** | 16** | 66** |
Protective ratio∥ axis ticks: 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, in the direction of increased protection.
Chart callout: With its higher protective ratio, RSDL provided superior protection against soman and VX
**P<0.05 vs non-treated control
‖The protective ratio is defined as the median lethal dose (defined as the LD50) in the treatment group divided by the LD50 in the non-treated positive control group.2
¶Dry sorbents=M291 SDK.
#Protective ratio values for the decontamination products in a guinea pig model.2,3
SDK=Skin Decontamination Kit.
RSDL DEMONSTRATED SMALLER LESION SIZE AFTER MUSTARD AGENT (HD) EXPOSURE IN ANIMAL STUDIES
The efficacy of RSDL decontamination against a mustard agent was evaluated in comparison with water and dry sorbents, based on the analysis of lesion areas4,††

| Area | Mean lesion area (mm²) | Standard deviation |
|---|---|---|
| Area exposed to HD | No value shown | No value shown |
| Lesion area after treatment with water | 828 | SD=511 |
| Lesion area after treatment with M291 SDK | 92.6 | SD=70.1 |
| Lesion area after treatment with RSDL | 39.6 | SD=14.4 |
95%: Lesion area with RSDL was 95% smaller than with water
AND
57%: 57% smaller than with M291 SDK
††Dry sorbents=M291 SDK.
‡‡Approximately 2-minute HD exposures in a rabbit model.4
§§The lesion area was calculated as an ellipsoid: Area = πlw/4, where l was the length (mm) and w was the width (mm) of the lesion.4
SD=standard deviation.
